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High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1
The first of NASA's three High Energy Astronomy Observatories, HEAO 1, launched August 12, 1977 aboard an Atlas rocket with a Centaur upper stage, operated until 9 January 1979. During that time, it scanned the X-ray sky almost three times over 0.2 keV - 10 MeV, provided nearly constant monitoring of X-ray sources near the ecliptic poles, as well as more detailed studies of a number of objects through pointed observations.
HEAO included four large X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy instruments, known as A1, A2, A3, and A4, respectively (before launch, HEAO 1 was known as HEAO A). The orbital inclination was about 22.7 degrees. HEAO 1 re-entered the Earth's atmosphere on 15 March 1979.
==A1: Large-Area Sky Survey instrument==
The A1, or Large-Area Sky Survey (LASS) instrument, covered the 0.25—25 keV energy range, using seven large proportional counters.〔(NASA HEASARC ) HEAO 1 A1 Experiment〕
It was designed, operated, and managed at the Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) under the direction of Principal Investigator Dr. Herbert D. Friedman, and the prime contractor was TRW. The HEAO A-1 X-Ray Source Catalog included 842 discrete X-ray sources.〔Wood, K.S., The HEAO A-1 X-Ray Source Catalog, NRL R-1984-00109, 1984〕
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